| Properties |
| Setting | Description |
|---|
| Building Classification Category |
Select the building classification category, based on the nature of
occupancy, as obtained from Table 1.5-1 in ASCE 7-10 /16. Category can be I, II, III or IV.
|
| Basic Wind Speed |
Specify a basic wind speed as described in section 26.5.1 of ASCE 7-10 /
16, along with units. |
| Height above sea level |
(For 2016 only) Type the height above sea level for the base of the
structure, zg in Table
26.9-1, in the selected units. This is used to calculate the
ground elevation factor, Ke .
|
| Exposure Category |
Select an exposure category per section 26.7.3 of ASCE 7-10 / 16. |
| Structure Type |
Select the type or structure that best fits the
model from the following:
- Building
Structures
- Chimney, Tank and Similar Structures
- Solid Signs
- Open Signs
- Latticed Framework
- Trussed Tower
Note: The following dialog section updates to reflect the
selection for this parameter.
|
| Consider Wind Speed-up over Hills or Escarpment? |
Select Yes to consider wind speed-up over a hill or
an escarpment and No to ignore it. If there are isolated hills and escarpments
that constitute abrupt changes in the general topography,
the increase in speed can be considered per section 26.8.1
of ASCE 7-10 / 16.
|
| Type of Hill or Escarpment |
Select the type of hill, ridge or escarpment on which the structure is
located, based on Figure 26.8-1 of ASCE 7-10 / 16. The options
available are:
- 2-D Ridge
- 2-D Escarpment
- 3-D Axisymmetrical
|
| Height of Hill or Escarpment (H) |
Specify the height of the hill or escarpment relative to the upwind terrain
(H in Figure 26.8-1 of ASCE
7-10 / 16). |
| Distance upwind of crest (Lh) |
Specify the distance upwind of crest to where the difference in general
elevation is half the height of the hill or escarpment (Lh in Figure 26.8-1 of ASCE
7-10 / 16). |
| Distance from the crest to the building (x) |
Specify the distance from the crest to the building site. A negative value
signifies the distance is in the downwind direction (x in Figure 26.8-1 of ASCE 7-10 /
16). |
|
| Main Building Data |
For Structure Type of Building Structures.| Setting | Description |
|---|
| Building Height (h) |
Specify the height above ground to the highest point on the
roof surface, along with units.
|
| Building Length along the direction of Wind (L) |
Length of building measured along the direction of wind,
along with units.
|
| Building Length Normal to the direction of Wind (B) |
Length of building measured normal to the direction of wind,
along with units.
|
| Building Natural Frequency |
Specify the natural frequency of the building to calculate
gust effect factor.
|
| Structure Behavior |
For buildings with a natural frequency of less than 1Hz, select if the
structure is Rigid or
Flexible. This determines the method
of calculation used for the gust effect factor per section 26.9
of ASCE 7-10 or section 26.11 of ASCE 7-16. |
| Building Damping Ratio |
Specify the damping ratio to calculate Gust Effect
Factor.
|
| Enclosure Classification |
Select the building enclosure classification per section 26.10 of ASCE 7-10
or section 26.12 of ASCE 7-16:
- Open Building
- Partial Enclosed
- Enclosed
Building
- Partially Open (ASCE
7-16 only)
|
| Specify Kzt |
Check this option if you want to directly specify the
topographic factor value for wind speed-up,
Kzt. Otherwise, the
program-calculated value is used. |
| Specify Kd |
Check this option if you want to directly specify the directionality
factor, Kd. Otherwise, the value from
Table 26.6-1 of ASCE 7-10 / 16 is used based on the selected
structure type. |
| Specify Ke |
Check this option if you want to directly specify the ground
elevation factor, Ke. Otherwise, the
factor is calculated per Table 26.9-1 of ASCE 7-16. |
|
| Chimney, Tank and Similar Structures |
The following parameters are specific to chimney, tank, and similar
structures. Other parameters are as described above.
| Setting | Description |
|---|
| Height (h) |
Height of the structure as defined by the term "h" in
Figure 29.5-1 of ASCE 7-10 or Figure 29.4-1 of ASCE 7-16. |
| Least Horizontal Dimension (W) |
Smaller of the plan dimensions. In case the cross section of
the structure in plan is circular, the diameter needs to be
specified.
|
| Horizontal Cross-Section Type |
This is the cross section of the structure in plan as defined in Figure
29.5-1 of ASCE 7-10 or Figure 29.4-1 of ASCE 7-16. For ASCE
7-10, the available options include square with wind being
normal to face or acting along the diagonal, hexagonal,
octagonal and round. For ASCE 7-16, the available options
include square with wind normal to face or acting along the
diagonal, hexagonal axisymmetric, hexagonal non-axisymetric,
round axisymmetric, and round non-axisymmetric.
|
| Depth of protruding elements such as ribs and spoilers (D') |
For round type cross sections, depth of protruding elements need to be
defined which is a measure of the surface roughness as indicated
in Figure 29.5-1 of ASCE 7-10 or Figure 29.4-1 of ASCE 7-16. |
|
| Solid Sign Data |
The following parameters are specific to solid sign and wall structures.
Other parameters are as described above.Note: The program does not calculate
for return corners on solid signs or walls.
| Setting | Description |
|---|
| Height (h) |
This is used for calculating the height to width ratio as defined by the
term "h" in Figure 29.4-1 of ASCE 7-10 or
Figure 29.3-1 of ASCE 7-16. |
| Horizontal Dimension of Sign (M) |
Horizontal dimension of the solid sign as defined by the term "B" in Figure 29.4-1 of ASCE 7-10 or Figure
29.3-1 of ASCE 7-16. |
| Vertical Dimension of Sign (N) |
Vertical dimension of the solid sign as defined by the term "s" in Figure 29.4-1 of ASCE 7-10 or Figure 29.3-1 of
ASCE 7-16.
Note: For signs
at the ground level, the height (h) and vertical dimension
(N) should both be specified the same value.
|
|
| Open Sign & Framework Data |
The following parameters are specific to open sign and framework structures.
Other parameters are as described above.| Setting | Description |
|---|
| Height (h) |
Height of the sign. |
| Width (B) |
Horizontal dimension of the sign. |
| Ratio of Solid Area to Gross Area |
Ratio of solid area to gross area as indicated by the term "∈" in Figure 29.5-2 of
ASCE 7-10 or Figure 29.4-2 of ASCE 7-16. |
| Orientation of the members exposed to wind |
The type of member surfaces which are exposed to wind. Select flat-sided
members (Flat) or
Rounded members as per Figure 29.5-2
of ASCE 7-10 or Figure 29.4-2 of ASCE 7-16. This value is given
as a ratio between zero and one. |
| Diameter of the typical round member |
For Rounded members, specify the outer diameter
typical for the exposed members as indicated by the term "D" in Figure 29.5-2 of ASCE 7-10 or Figure
29.4-2 of ASCE 7-16, along with units. |
|
| Trussed Tower Data |
The following parameters are specific to trussed tower structures. Other
parameters are as described above.
| Setting | Description |
|---|
| Height (h) |
Height of the trussed tower. |
| Width (B) |
Horizontal dimension of the trussed tower. |
| Ratio of Solid Area to Gross Area of Tower face (%) |
Ratio of the solid area to gross area of one tower face as indicated by the
term "∈" in
Figure 29.5-3 of ASCE 7-10 or Figure 29.4-3 of ASCE 7-16. This
value is given as a percentage. |
| Horizontal Cross Section |
The type of cross section of the tower in plan as defined in Figure 29.5-3
of ASCE 7-10 or Figure 29.4-3 of ASCE 7-16. The available
options include Square and
Triangle. |
|
| Building Design Pressure |
Used for the calculation of the design pressure intensity for building structures.| Setting | Description |
|---|
| Building Wall to generate Wind Load on |
Select the side of the structure, with respect to wind direction, for which
you want to generate a wind load. The pressure will be
calculated as per Figure 27.4-1 of ASCE-7-2010 or as per
equation 27.3-1 and 27.3-2 of ASCE 7-16, based on the code
selection made in the Properties
section. The relevant equation will also be displayed below.
- Windward - Used to
generate the design wind pressure for the windward side.
- Leeward - Used to
generate the design wind pressure for the side wall.
- Side Wall - Used to
generate the design wind pressure for the side
wall.
Note: The
pressure profile for each of the building walls has to be
individually determined under a unique load type number.
Thus, generating the profile for the three sides of the
building constitutes three separate steps and thus, three
separate types. Each type can then be applied with one load
case or separate load cases and then applied in the relevant
direction with the appropriate direction factor. Examples
illustrating wind load generation can be found in the
examples manual.
|
| Specify G |
Select this option to specify a gust effect
factor value, G.
If not selected, the Gust effect factor is calculated and displayed.
For rigid structures
(natural frequency ≥ 1Hz), the gust effect factor is
calculated as per equation 26.9-6 for ASCE 7-10 or equation
26.11-9 for ASCE 7-16 . For flexible structures (natural
frequency < 1Hz), the gust effect factor is calculated
section 26.9-10 for ASCE 7-10 or section 26.11-10 for ASCE
7-16.
|
| Specify Cp |
Select this option to specify a wall pressure
coefficient value, Cp.
If not selected, the wall pressure coefficient is calculated and displayed.
The wall pressure coefficient is calculated as per as per
Figure 27.4-1, 27.4-2 and 27.4-3 of ASCE 7-10. For ASCE
7-16, the wall pressure coefficient is calculated as per
Figure 27.3-1.
|
| Specify (GCpi) |
Select this option to specify an internal
pressure coefficient value,
(GCpi).
If not selected, the internal pressure coefficient is calculated and
displayed. The internal pressure coefficient is calculated
as per Figure 27.4-1, 27.4-2 and 27.4-3 of ASCE 7-10. For
ASCE 7-16, the internal pressure coefficient is calculated
as per Figure 26.13-1.
|
| Intensity vs Height |
Click in the field to display the Height vs. calculated Pressure data
table. The pressure values are calculated at regular intervals
up to the building or structure height entered. |
|
| Design Pressure (Other Structure) |
| Setting | Description |
|---|
| Specify Cf |
Select this option to specify a force coefficient value used for structures
other than buildings. If not selected, the force coefficient
is calculated as per Figure 29.4-1, 29.5-1, 29.5-2 or
29.4-3, depending on the non-building structure type
selected.
The force coefficient is used for the
calculation of the design pressure.
|
|
