V. AISI 2016 2CU F2F Compressive Strength
Verify the axial compressive strength of a double cold-formed channel section according to the AISI S100 2016 specification using both the LRFD and ASD methods.
References
- American Iron and Steel Institute. AISI Manual: Cold-formed Steel Design - Vol. 1.. 2018. Milwaukee, WI.
- Young, Warren C. and Richard G. Budynas. Roark's Formulas for Stress and Strain. Seventh Edition. New York, NY: McGraw Hill, 2002. p. 414
Details
The member is 10 ft long cantilever. The section used is a pair of 600T125-54 channels in a front-to-front configuration (no spacing between channel toes).
Section Properties
Properties of a 600T125-54 (listed as a 600CU125-54 in STAAD.Pro):
- Depth, D = 6.198 in
- Flange width, B = 1.250 in
- Thickness, t = 0.0566 in
- Inner radius, R = 0.0849 in.
- Cross-section area, A = 0.48 in2
- Moment of inertia about the Z axis, Iz = 2.34 in4
- Moment of inertia about the Y axis, Iy = 0.0539 in4
- Heel to C.G. distance, x = 0.204 in
- Torsional constant, J = 0.000513 in4
- Warping constant, Cw = 0.348 in6
Material Properties
- E = 29,000 ksi
- G = 11,200 ksi
- Fy = 36 ksi
- Fu = 58 ksi
Calculations
Section Properties
- Average radius, r = R + t/2 = 0.0849 + 0.0566 / 2 = 0.113 in.
- Clear depth of web, a = D = (2×r + t) = 6.198 - (2× 0.113 + 0.0566) = 5.915 in.
- Clear width of the flanges, b = B - (r + t/2) = 1.25 - (0.113 + 0.0556 / 2) = 1.109 in.
- Cross-section area, A = 2× 0.48 = 0.96 in2
- Moment of inertia about the Z axis, Iz = 2× 2.34 = 4.68 in4
- Moment of inertia about the Y axis, Iy = 2[0.0539 + 0.48×(1.25 - 0.204)2] = 1.158 in4
- Radius of gyration about the Z axis,
- Radius of gyration about the Y axis,
- Torsional constant, J = 2× 0.000513 = 0.00103 in4
- Center-to-center depth,
- Center-to-edge flange width,
- Warping constant, (Taken from Table 10.2, Case 4 of Reference 2; simplified for the case where h = 2×h1 )
Compression Capacity for Yielding and Global Buckling
About the major axis:
The elastic flexural buckling stress
Since λcz < 1.5, the compressive strength is given by:
About the minor axis:
The elastic flexural buckling stress
Since λcy < 1.5, the compressive strength is given by:
The controlling compressive stress is the minimum of Fnz and Fny : Fn = 19.20 ksi
The nominal axial compressive strength, Pne = A × Fn = 0.96 × 19.20 = 18.43 kips
- LRFD: ϕcPne = 0.85 × 18.43 = 15.67 kips
- ASD: Pne/Ωc = 18.43 / 1.8 = 10.24 kips
Compression Capacity in Local Buckling
Global column stress about major axis (as defined in Section E2):
Determine the effective area, Ae as per Appendix 1. The flanges of a front-to-front channel are considered stiffened elements.
Compression flange effective width:
The slenderness factor:
As λ < 0.673, the local reduction factor, ρ = 1. Therefore, the effective width of the compression flange is bf = ρ×w = 1.109 in.
Web effective width:
Therefore, the effective width of the compression flange is bw = ρ×w = 0.597 × 5.915 = 3.532 in
The total effective area is the gross area minus the difference in nominal widths and effective widths:
- LRFD: ϕcPnℓ = 0.85 × 11.26 = kips
- ASD: Pnℓ/Ωc = 13.26 / 1.8 = 7.36 kips
Comparison
Result Type | Reference | STAAD.Pro | Difference | Comments | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
LRFD | Axial comp. per section E2 (kips) | 15.67 | 15.671 | negligible | |
Local comp. per section E3 (kips) | 11.26 | 11.283 | negligible | ||
ASD | Axial comp. per section E2 (kips) | 10.24 | 10.242 | negligible | |
Local comp. per section E3 (kips) | 7.36 | 7.375 | negligible |
STAAD Input
The file C:\Users\Public\Public Documents\STAAD.Pro 2024\Samples \Verification Models\09 Steel Design\US\AISI\AISI 2016 2CU F2F Compressive Strength.STD is typically installed with the program.
- The material properties for design are specified by the parameters
FYLD 36
andFU 58
. - A member with unreinforced webs is specified using
TSA 0
STAAD SPACE
START JOB INFORMATION
ENGINEER DATE 11-Jan-22
ENGINEER NAME TK
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT FEET KIP
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 0 0; 2 10 0 0;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 2;
DEFINE MATERIAL START
ISOTROPIC STEEL
E 4.176e+06
POISSON 0.3
DENSITY 0.489024
ALPHA 6.5e-06
DAMP 0.03
G 1.6128e+06
TYPE STEEL
STRENGTH RY 1.5 RT 1.2
END DEFINE MATERIAL
UNIT INCHES KIP
MEMBER PROPERTY COLDFORMED AMERICAN
1 TABLE FR 600CU125-54
CONSTANTS
MATERIAL STEEL ALL
SUPPORTS
1 FIXED
LOAD 1 LOADTYPE None TITLE LOAD CASE 1
JOINT LOAD
2 FX 10
PERFORM ANALYSIS
PARAMETER 1
CODE AISI 2016
METHOD LRFD
FYLD 36 ALL
FU 58 ALL
FLX 0 ALL
TSA 0 ALL
TRACK 2 ALL
CHECK CODE ALL
PARAMETER 2
CODE AISI 2016
METHOD ASD
FYLD 36 ALL
FU 58 ALL
FLX 0 ALL
TSA 0 ALL
TRACK 2 ALL
CHECK CODE ALL
FINISH
STAAD Output
STAAD.Pro CODE CHECKING - (AISI S100-16) [LRFD] (v1.0)
********************************************************
ALL UNITS ARE IN "INCH" AND "KIP " (U.N.O.)
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| MEMBER: 1 SECTION:FR 600CU125-54 LEN: 120.000 LOC: 0.000 |
| STATUS: PASS RATIO: 0.322 REF: Sec. D2 LC: 1 |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| DESIGN FORCES: |
| Location: 0.000 Criteria: Sec. D2 LC: 1 |
| Fx:(T) -10.000 Fy: -0.000 Fz: -0.000 |
| Mx: 0.000 My: -0.000 Mz: -0.000 |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| SECTION PROPERTIES: |
| Ag: 0.96000 Az: 0.25096 Ay: 0.66958 |
| Cz: 0.20400 Cy: 3.09900 |
| Iz: 4.68000 Iy: 1.15815 J: 0.00104 |
| Sz: 1.51016 Sy: 0.92652 |
| Rz: 2.20794 Ry: 1.09837 Cw: 0.00000 |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| MATERIAL INFO: |
| Fy: 36.000 Fu: 58.000 E: 29000.000 G: 11200.000 |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| DESIGN PROPERTIES: |
| Member Length: 120.000 Lz: 120.000 Ly: 120.000 Lb: 0.000 |
| DESIGN PARAMETERS: |
| Kz: 1.000 Ky: 1.000 NSF: 1.000 |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| CRITICAL SLENDERNESS: |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| LC : 1 Actual : 109.253 Allowable : 300.000 Ratio : 0.364 |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Section Dimension Check | Ratio | Limit | Status |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Radius To Thickness Ratio | 1.500 | 10.000 | PASS |
| Width To Thickness Ratio | 17.085 | 500.000 | PASS |
| Web Depth To Thickness Ratio | 104.505 | 200.000 | PASS |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
STAAD SPACE -- PAGE NO. 4
STAAD.Pro CODE CHECKING - (AISI S100-16) [LRFD] (v1.0)
********************************************************
ALL UNITS ARE IN "INCH" AND "KIP " (U.N.O.)
| - MEMBER: 1 (Contd.....) |
| |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Limit States | Load# |Location| Demand | Capacity |Ratio| Reference |
|--------------------|-------|--------|----------|----------|-----|-----------|
| Tension | 1 | 0.00 | -10.000 | 31.104 |0.322|Sec. D2 |
| Yielding | 1 | 0.00 | -10.000 | 31.104 |0.322|Sec. D2 |
| Rupture | 1 | 0.00 | -10.000 | 41.760 |0.239|Sec. D3 |
| Compression | - | - | - | 11.283 | - |Sec. E3 |
| Local Comp | - | - | - | 11.283 | - |Sec. E3 |
| Axial Comp | - | - | - | 15.671 | - |Sec. E2 |
| Bending | - | - | - | 14.721 | - |Sec. F2 |
| Major Local Bend | - | - | - | 14.756 | - |Sec. F3 |
| Minor Local Bend | - | - | - | 14.846 | - |Sec. F3 |
| Major Sectional | - | - | - | 48.929 | - |Sec. F2 |
| Minor Sectional | - | - | - | 30.019 | - |Sec. F2 |
| LTB Major | - | - | - | 14.721 | - |Sec. F2 |
| LTB Minor | - | - | - | 23.956 | - |Sec. F2 |
| Shear | - | - | - | 5.150 | - |Sec. G2 |
| Major Shear (Z) | - | - | - | 5.150 | - |Sec. G2 |
| Minor Shear (Y) | - | - | - | 8.154 | - |Sec. G2 |
| Interaction | 1 | 0.00 | - | - |0.322|Eq. H1.1-1 |
| (Bend+Ten) Int1 | 1 | 0.00 | - | - |0.322|Eq. H1.1-1 |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
43. PARAMETER 2
44. CODE AISI 2016
45. METHOD ASD
46. FYLD 36 ALL
47. FU 58 ALL
48. FLX 0 ALL
49. TSA 0 ALL
50. TRACK 2 ALL
51. CHECK CODE ALL
STEEL DESIGN
WARNING # 14 ~ Channel front to front member # 1 will be considered welded throughout length.
Spacing will not be considered.
STAAD SPACE -- PAGE NO. 5
STAAD.Pro CODE CHECKING - (AISI S100-16) [ASD ] (v1.0)
********************************************************
ALL UNITS ARE IN "INCH" AND "KIP " (U.N.O.)
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| MEMBER: 1 SECTION:FR 600CU125-54 LEN: 120.000 LOC: 0.000 |
| STATUS: PASS RATIO: 0.483 REF: Sec. D2 LC: 1 |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| DESIGN FORCES: |
| Location: 0.000 Criteria: Sec. D2 LC: 1 |
| Fx:(T) -10.000 Fy: -0.000 Fz: -0.000 |
| Mx: 0.000 My: -0.000 Mz: -0.000 |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| SECTION PROPERTIES: |
| Ag: 0.96000 Az: 0.25096 Ay: 0.66958 |
| Cz: 0.20400 Cy: 3.09900 |
| Iz: 4.68000 Iy: 1.15815 J: 0.00104 |
| Sz: 1.51016 Sy: 0.92652 |
| Rz: 2.20794 Ry: 1.09837 Cw: 0.00000 |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| MATERIAL INFO: |
| Fy: 36.000 Fu: 58.000 E: 29000.000 G: 11200.000 |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| DESIGN PROPERTIES: |
| Member Length: 120.000 Lz: 120.000 Ly: 120.000 Lb: 0.000 |
| DESIGN PARAMETERS: |
| Kz: 1.000 Ky: 1.000 NSF: 1.000 |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| CRITICAL SLENDERNESS: |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| LC : 1 Actual : 109.253 Allowable : 300.000 Ratio : 0.364 |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Section Dimension Check | Ratio | Limit | Status |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Radius To Thickness Ratio | 1.500 | 10.000 | PASS |
| Width To Thickness Ratio | 17.085 | 500.000 | PASS |
| Web Depth To Thickness Ratio | 104.505 | 200.000 | PASS |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
STAAD SPACE -- PAGE NO. 6
STAAD.Pro CODE CHECKING - (AISI S100-16) [ASD ] (v1.0)
********************************************************
ALL UNITS ARE IN "INCH" AND "KIP " (U.N.O.)
| - MEMBER: 1 (Contd.....) |
| |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Limit States | Load# |Location| Demand | Capacity |Ratio| Reference |
|--------------------|-------|--------|----------|----------|-----|-----------|
| Tension | 1 | 0.00 | -10.000 | 20.695 |0.483|Sec. D2 |
| Yielding | 1 | 0.00 | -10.000 | 20.695 |0.483|Sec. D2 |
| Rupture | 1 | 0.00 | -10.000 | 27.840 |0.359|Sec. D3 |
| Compression | - | - | - | 7.375 | - |Sec. E3 |
| Local Comp | - | - | - | 7.375 | - |Sec. E3 |
| Axial Comp | - | - | - | 10.242 | - |Sec. E2 |
| Bending | - | - | - | 9.795 | - |Sec. F2 |
| Major Local Bend | - | - | - | 9.818 | - |Sec. F3 |
| Minor Local Bend | - | - | - | 9.878 | - |Sec. F3 |
| Major Sectional | - | - | - | 32.554 | - |Sec. F2 |
| Minor Sectional | - | - | - | 19.973 | - |Sec. F2 |
| LTB Major | - | - | - | 9.795 | - |Sec. F2 |
| LTB Minor | - | - | - | 15.939 | - |Sec. F2 |
| Shear | - | - | - | 3.388 | - |Sec. G2 |
| Major Shear (Z) | - | - | - | 3.388 | - |Sec. G2 |
| Minor Shear (Y) | - | - | - | 5.364 | - |Sec. G2 |
| Interaction | 1 | 0.00 | - | - |0.483|Eq. H1.1-1 |
| (Bend+Ten) Int1 | 1 | 0.00 | - | - |0.483|Eq. H1.1-1 |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|