V. NRC 2020 Static Seismic with Torsional Moment

Calculation of base shear and its distribution along the height for equivalent static force method in NBCC/NRC 2020.

References

  1. National Research Council Canada. National Building Code of Canada 2020. Fifteenth Edition, 2020. Canadian Commission on Building and Fire Codes.

Details

A three-story, concrete structure is subject to seismic loads as calculated by the static seismic method in Division B, Part 4 of NRC 2020 [1].

The SFRS is a conventional construction, moment-resisting frame. Each floor (including roof level) has a seismic weight of 345 kN distributed uniformaly across the floor. Floor-to-floor spacing is 3 m. The structure is considered of high importance.

Use a dynamic eccentricity factor of 2 and an accidental eccentricity factor of 5% of the plan dimension (0.05).

Figure 1. Typical floor plan
Input parameters:
  • Seismic acceleration values Sa(0.2) = 0.28 m/s2, Sa(0.5) = 0.17 m/s2, Sa(1.0) = 0.11 m/s2, Sa(2.0) = 0.063 m/s2, Sa(5.0) = 0.04 m/s2, and Sa(10.0) = 0.03 m/s2 (SA1 0.28, SA2 0.17, SA3 0.11, SA4 0.063, SA5 0.04, SA6 0.03)
  • Importance factor, I = 1.3 (I 1.3)
  • Site class C (SCL 3)
  • Ductility-related force modification factor Rdx = 1.5 (RDX 1.5)
  • Ductility-related force modification factor Rdz = 1.5 (RDZ 1l5)
  • Overstrength-related force modification factor, Rox = 1.3 (ROX 1.3)
  • Overstrength-related force modification factor, Roz = 1.3 (ROZ 1.3)
  • Moment resisting frames in both X and Z directions (STX 1, STZ 1)
  • Provisions to be checked for member strength (MD 1)

Calculations

Calculations

Overall height, hn = 3 m × 3 = 9 m

Weight of the structure, W = 345 kN × 3 = 1,035 kN

Fundamental period

Fundamental lateral period, Ta, as per clause 4.1.8.11-3 of NBC 2020 for concrete moment frames (same in X and Z directions):

Ta = 0.075×(hn)3/4 = 0.075 × 93/4 = 0.390 sec

Rayleigh method from output file Tc,x = 0.206 sec, Tc,z = 0.211 sec. Per Cl. 4.1.8.11-3(d)(ii):

1.5 × Ta = 0.585 > Tc,x so Ta,x = Tc,x = 0.206 sec
1.5 × Ta = 0.585 > Tc,z so Ta,z = Tcz = 0.211 sec

Design spectral acceleration

Calculate the design spectral accelaration, S(T), from Table 4.1.8.4-C of NBC 2020:

Linearly interpolate the S(Tx) between S(0.5) and S(1.0) for Ta,x = 0.206 sec: S(Ta,x) = 0.278 m/s2.

Linearly interpolate the STz between S(0.5) and S(1.0) for Ta,z = 0.211 sec: S(Ta,z) = 0.276 m/s2.

Higher mode factor

Linearly interpolating from Table 4.1.8.11 for Mv for Ta,x = 0.206 s and Ta,z = 0.211 s:

  • Higher mode factor, Mvx = 1 (MVX 1)
  • Higher mode factor Mvz = 1 (MVZ 1)

Lateral earthquake force

Lateral earthquake force, V, in the X direction:

Lateral earthquake force, V, in the Z direction:

The minimum lateral earthquake force, V, per Cl. 4.1.8.11-2b of NBC 2020 (same in X and Z directions):

The maximum lateral earthquake force, V, per Cl. 4.1.8.11-2c of NBC 2020 (same in X and Z directions):

Vertical base shear distribution

Since the fundamental lateral period, Ta < 0.7 s, the portion of the vertical shear concentrated at the top of the building, Ft = 0 per Cl. 4.1.8.11-7(a).

Story Level Wi hi Wi×hi (Wi × hi)/∑(Wi × hi) Fx Fz
(kN) (m) (kN) (kN)
3rd (roof) 345 9 3,105 0.500 64.4 64.4
2nd 345 6 2,070 0.333 42.93 42.93
1st 345 3 1,035 0.167 21.47 21.47
1,035 6,210 128.8 128.8

Torsional moment

The STAAD.Pro output reports both the center of mass (CM) and center of rigidity (CR) values for each story of the structure. The static eccentricity, SE = CM - CR.

The static eccentricity is then mulitplied by a dynamic factor to obtain the dynamic eccentricity. This factor is taken as DEC - 1, where DEC is the multiplying factor for natural torsion given as input for the static seismic load case. The dynamic eccentricity, DE = SE×(DEC - 1) = SE×(2-1) = SE.

The accidental eccentricity is obtained by multiplying the story dimension by the accidental torsion factor.

  • Accidental torsion along the X direction: AEx = 0.05×Bx = 0.05 (12) = 0.6 m
  • Accidental torsion along the Z direction: AEZ = 0.05×BZ = 0.05 (9) = 0.45 m

The total eccentricity due to inherent as well as accidental torsion is the dynamic eccentricity plus the accidental eccentricity. This total eccentricity multiplied by the lateral force at story level gives the total torsional moment in that level.

Table 1. Torsional moments for seismic force in X direction
Story Level Center of Mass along Z Center of Rigidity along Z Static eccentricity Dynamic eccentricity DE + AE Story force Torsional moment
(m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (kN) (kN·m)
3 3.848 3.832 0.016 0.016 0.466 64.4 30.01
2 3.848 3.859 -0.011 -0.011 0.439 42.93 18.85
1 3.848 3.903 -0.055 -0.055 0.395 21.47 8.48
Table 2. Torsional moments for seismic force in Z direction
Story Level Center of Mass along X Center of Rigidity along X Static eccentricity Dynamic eccentricity DE + AE Story force Torsional moment
(m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (kN) (kN·m)
3 2.348 2.301 0.047 0.047 0.647 64.4 41.67
2 2.348 2.337 0.011 0.011 0.611 42.93 26.23
1 2.348 2.394 -0.046 -0.046 0.554 21.47 11.89

Results

Table 3. Comparison of results
Parameter Hand Calculation STAAD.Pro Difference Comments
Story shear, X (kN) 3rd 64.4 64.400 none
2nd 42.93 42.933 negligible
1st 21.47 21.467 negligible
Torsional moment, X (kN·m) 3rd 30.01 29.997 negligible
2nd 18.85 18.832 negligible
1st 8.48 8.476 negligible
Story shear, Z (kN) 3rd 64.4 64.400 none
2nd 42.93 42.933 negligible
1st 21.47 21.467 negligible
Torsional moment, Z (kN·m) 3rd 41.67 41.654 negligible
2nd 26.23 26.238 negligible
1st 11.89 11.898 negligible
Base shear (kN) Vx 128.8 128.800 none
Vz 128.8 128.800 none

Input

The file C:\Users\Public\Public Documents\STAAD.Pro 2026\Samples \Verification Models\06 Loading\NRC\NRC 2020 Static Seismic_Torsional Moments.std is typically installed with the program.

STAAD

STAAD SPACE
START JOB INFORMATION
ENGINEER DATE 10-OCT-2025
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER KN
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 0 0; 2 0 3 0; 3 3 3 0; 4 3 0 0; 5 0 0 3; 6 0 3 3; 7 3 3 3; 8 3 0 3;
9 0 0 6; 10 0 3 6; 11 3 3 6; 12 3 0 6; 13 0 0 9; 14 0 3 9; 15 3 3 9; 16 3 0 9;
17 6 3 0; 18 6 0 0; 19 6 3 3; 20 6 0 3; 21 6 3 6; 22 6 0 6; 25 9 3 3; 26 9 0 3;
27 9 3 6; 28 9 0 6; 33 0 6 0; 34 3 6 0; 35 0 6 3; 36 3 6 3; 37 0 6 6; 38 3 6 6;
39 0 6 9; 40 3 6 9; 41 6 6 0; 42 6 6 3; 43 6 6 6; 45 9 6 3; 46 9 6 6; 49 0 9 0;
50 3 9 0; 51 0 9 3; 52 3 9 3; 53 0 9 6; 54 3 9 6; 55 0 9 9; 56 3 9 9; 57 6 9 0;
58 6 9 3; 59 6 9 6; 70 9 9 3; 71 9 9 6; 72 -3 0 0; 73 -3 3 0; 74 -3 0 3;
75 -3 3 3; 76 -3 0 6; 77 -3 3 6; 80 -3 6 0; 81 -3 6 3; 82 -3 6 6; 84 -3 9 0;
85 -3 9 3; 86 -3 9 6;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 2; 2 2 3; 3 3 4; 4 2 6; 5 3 7; 6 5 6; 7 6 7; 8 7 8; 9 6 10; 10 7 11;
11 9 10; 12 10 11; 13 11 12; 14 10 14; 15 11 15; 16 13 14; 17 14 15; 18 15 16;
19 3 17; 20 7 19; 21 11 21; 23 17 18; 24 17 19; 25 19 20; 26 19 21; 27 21 22;
30 19 25; 31 21 27; 32 25 26; 33 25 27; 34 27 28; 40 2 33; 41 3 34; 42 6 35;
43 7 36; 44 10 37; 45 11 38; 46 14 39; 47 15 40; 48 17 41; 49 19 42; 50 21 43;
52 25 45; 53 27 46; 56 33 34; 57 33 35; 58 34 36; 59 35 36; 60 35 37; 61 36 38;
62 37 38; 63 37 39; 64 38 40; 65 39 40; 66 34 41; 67 36 42; 68 38 43; 70 41 42;
71 42 43; 73 42 45; 74 43 46; 75 45 46; 79 33 49; 80 34 50; 81 35 51; 82 36 52;
83 37 53; 84 38 54; 85 39 55; 86 40 56; 87 41 57; 88 42 58; 89 43 59; 95 49 50;
96 49 51; 97 50 52; 98 51 52; 99 51 53; 100 52 54; 101 53 54; 102 53 55;
103 54 56; 104 55 56; 105 50 57; 106 52 58; 107 54 59; 109 57 58; 110 58 59;
128 45 70; 129 46 71; 132 58 70; 133 59 71; 134 70 71; 135 2 73; 136 6 75;
137 10 77; 139 33 80; 140 35 81; 141 37 82; 143 49 84; 144 51 85; 145 53 86;
147 72 73; 148 73 75; 149 74 75; 150 75 77; 151 76 77; 154 73 80; 155 75 81;
156 77 82; 158 80 81; 159 81 82; 161 80 84; 162 81 85; 163 82 86; 165 84 85;
166 85 86;
DEFINE MATERIAL START
ISOTROPIC CONCRETE
E 2.17185e+07
POISSON 0.17
DENSITY 23.5616
ALPHA 1e-05
DAMP 0.05
TYPE CONCRETE
STRENGTH FCU 27579
END DEFINE MATERIAL
MEMBER PROPERTY AMERICAN
1 TO 21 23 TO 27 30 TO 34 40 TO 50 52 53 56 TO 68 70 71 73 TO 75 79 TO 89 -
95 TO 107 109 110 128 129 132 TO 137 139 TO 141 143 TO 145 147 TO 151 154 -
155 TO 156 158 159 161 TO 163 165 166 PRIS YD 0.4 ZD 0.4
CONSTANTS
MATERIAL CONCRETE ALL
SUPPORTS
1 4 5 8 9 12 13 16 18 20 22 26 28 72 74 76 FIXED
DEFINE REFERENCE LOADS
LOAD R1 LOADTYPE Mass  TITLE REF LOAD CASE 1
MEMBER LOAD
2 4 5 7 9 10 12 14 15 17 19 TO 21 24 26 30 31 33 56 TO 68 70 71 73 TO 75 95 -
96 TO 107 109 110 132 TO 137 139 TO 141 143 TO 145 148 150 158 159 165 -
166 UNI GY -5
END DEFINE REFERENCE LOADS
FLOOR DIAPHRAGM
DIA 1 TYPE RIG HEI 3
DIA 2 TYPE RIG HEI 6
DIA 3 TYPE RIG HEI 9
DEFINE NRC 2020 LOAD
SA1 0.28 SA2 0.17 SA3 0.11 SA4 0.063 I 1.3 SCL 3 RDX 1.5 RDZ 1.5 ROX 1.3 ROZ -
1.3 SA5 0.04 SA6 0.03 STX 1 STZ 1 MD 1
LOAD 1 LOADTYPE Seismic-H  TITLE SL +X
NRC LOAD X 1 DEC 2 ACC 0.05
LOAD 2 LOADTYPE Seismic-H  TITLE SL +Z
NRC LOAD Z 1 DEC 2 ACC 0.05
PERFORM ANALYSIS PRINT LOAD DATA
PRINT DIA CR
FINISH

Output


FLOOR DIAPHRAGM

   ************************************************************************************

   FLOOR DIAPHRAGM     UNIT - KN   METE
   ---------------     ----------------

    NO.  TYPE        FL. LEVEL      FL. WT     CENTRE   OF   MASS    CONTROL JOINT NO.
                                                  X          Z        

     1   RIGID           3.000        345.00     2.348      3.848               87
     2   RIGID           6.000        345.00     2.348      3.848               88
     3   RIGID           9.000        345.00     2.348      3.848               89

   ************************************************************************************

   *****************************************************************************
   *                                                                           *
   * EQUIV. SEISMIC LOADS AS PER NATIONAL BUILDING CODE OF CANADA 2020 ALONG X *
   *  CT =  0.075 Ta =    0.390 SEC. Tc =    0.206 SEC.                        *
   *  T USED =  0.206 SEC. DESIGN SPECTRAL ACCELERATION =   0.277828           *
   *  EQUIVALENT LATERAL SEISMIC FORCE (ELASTIC RESPONSE)                      *
   *                    =   0.124 X     1035.000 =      128.800  KN            *
   *  DESIGN BASE SHEAR =   1.000 X      128.800                               *
   *                    =      128.800  KN                                     *
   *                                                                           *
   *****************************************************************************




   *****************************************************************************
   *                                                                           *
   * EQUIV. SEISMIC LOADS AS PER NATIONAL BUILDING CODE OF CANADA 2020 ALONG Z *
   *  CT =  0.075 Ta =    0.390 SEC. Tc =    0.211 SEC.                        *
   *  T USED =  0.211 SEC. DESIGN SPECTRAL ACCELERATION =   0.276089           *
   *  EQUIVALENT LATERAL SEISMIC FORCE (ELASTIC RESPONSE)                      *
   *                    =   0.124 X     1035.000 =      128.800  KN            *
   *  DESIGN BASE SHEAR =   1.000 X      128.800                               *
   *                    =      128.800  KN                                     *
   *                                                                           *
   *****************************************************************************


     STAAD SPACE                                              -- PAGE NO.    5
        

   ************************************************************************



   ***NOTE: SEISMIC LOAD IS ACTING AT CENTER OF MASS FOR RIGID DIAPHRAGM.
            TORSION FROM STATIC ECCENTRICITY (esi) IS INCLUDED IN ANALYSIS.
            DYNAMIC ECCENTRICITY APPLIED = DEC - 1


   LOAD NO.:     1  DIRECTION : X   UNIT - METE

   STORY  LEVEL     DYN. ECC. (dec)     ACC. ECC. (aec)     DESIGN     ECC.
   -----  -----     ---------------     ---------------     ---------------
                      X         Z         X         Z         X         Z
                                                          dec + aec dec + aec

     1     3.00     -0.05     -0.06      0.60      0.45      0.00      0.39
     2     6.00      0.01     -0.01      0.60      0.45      0.00      0.44
     3     9.00      0.05      0.02      0.60      0.45      0.00      0.47

   ************************************************************************


    JOINT            LATERAL          TORSIONAL            LOAD -    1
                     LOAD (KN  )      MOMENT (KN  -METE) FACTOR -   1.000
    -----            -------          ---------
                                      DEC + AEC


       2     FX        1.400    MY        0.553
       3     FX        1.400    MY        0.553
       6     FX        1.867    MY        0.737
       7     FX        1.867    MY        0.737
      10     FX        1.867    MY        0.737
      11     FX        1.867    MY        0.737
      14     FX        0.933    MY        0.369
      15     FX        0.933    MY        0.369
      17     FX        0.933    MY        0.369
      19     FX        1.867    MY        0.737
      21     FX        1.400    MY        0.553
      25     FX        0.933    MY        0.369
      27     FX        0.933    MY        0.369
      73     FX        0.933    MY        0.369
      75     FX        1.400    MY        0.553
      77     FX        0.933    MY        0.369
                 -----------        -----------
          TOTAL =     21.467              8.476 AT LEVEL     3.000 METE

      33     FX        2.800    MY        1.228
     STAAD SPACE                                              -- PAGE NO.    6
        
      34     FX        2.800    MY        1.228
      35     FX        3.733    MY        1.638
      36     FX        3.733    MY        1.638
      37     FX        3.733    MY        1.638
      38     FX        3.733    MY        1.638
      39     FX        1.867    MY        0.819
      40     FX        1.867    MY        0.819
      41     FX        1.867    MY        0.819
      42     FX        3.733    MY        1.638
      43     FX        2.800    MY        1.228
      45     FX        1.867    MY        0.819
      46     FX        1.867    MY        0.819
      80     FX        1.867    MY        0.819
      81     FX        2.800    MY        1.228
      82     FX        1.867    MY        0.819
                 -----------        -----------
          TOTAL =     42.933             18.832 AT LEVEL     6.000 METE

      49     FX        4.200    MY        1.956
      50     FX        4.200    MY        1.956
      51     FX        5.600    MY        2.608
      52     FX        5.600    MY        2.608
      53     FX        5.600    MY        2.608
      54     FX        5.600    MY        2.608
      55     FX        2.800    MY        1.304
      56     FX        2.800    MY        1.304
      57     FX        2.800    MY        1.304
      58     FX        5.600    MY        2.608
      59     FX        4.200    MY        1.956
      70     FX        2.800    MY        1.304
      71     FX        2.800    MY        1.304
      84     FX        2.800    MY        1.304
      85     FX        4.200    MY        1.956
      86     FX        2.800    MY        1.304
                 -----------        -----------
          TOTAL =     64.400             29.997 AT LEVEL     9.000 METE




   ************************************************************************

     STAAD SPACE                                              -- PAGE NO.    7
        


   ***NOTE: SEISMIC LOAD IS ACTING AT CENTER OF MASS FOR RIGID DIAPHRAGM.
            TORSION FROM STATIC ECCENTRICITY (esi) IS INCLUDED IN ANALYSIS.
            DYNAMIC ECCENTRICITY APPLIED = DEC - 1


   LOAD NO.:     2  DIRECTION : Z   UNIT - METE

   STORY  LEVEL     DYN. ECC. (dec)     ACC. ECC. (aec)     DESIGN     ECC.
   -----  -----     ---------------     ---------------     ---------------
                      X         Z         X         Z         X         Z
                                                          dec + aec dec + aec

     1     3.00     -0.05     -0.06      0.60      0.45      0.55      0.00
     2     6.00      0.01     -0.01      0.60      0.45      0.61      0.00
     3     9.00      0.05      0.02      0.60      0.45      0.65      0.00

   ************************************************************************


    JOINT            LATERAL          TORSIONAL            LOAD -    2
                     LOAD (KN  )      MOMENT (KN  -METE) FACTOR -   1.000
    -----            -------          ---------
                                      DEC + AEC


       2     FZ        1.400    MY        0.776
       3     FZ        1.400    MY        0.776
       6     FZ        1.867    MY        1.035
       7     FZ        1.867    MY        1.035
      10     FZ        1.867    MY        1.035
      11     FZ        1.867    MY        1.035
      14     FZ        0.933    MY        0.517
      15     FZ        0.933    MY        0.517
      17     FZ        0.933    MY        0.517
      19     FZ        1.867    MY        1.035
      21     FZ        1.400    MY        0.776
      25     FZ        0.933    MY        0.517
      27     FZ        0.933    MY        0.517
      73     FZ        0.933    MY        0.517
      75     FZ        1.400    MY        0.776
      77     FZ        0.933    MY        0.517
                 -----------        -----------
          TOTAL =     21.467             11.898 AT LEVEL     3.000 METE

      33     FZ        2.800    MY        1.711
      34     FZ        2.800    MY        1.711
      35     FZ        3.733    MY        2.282
      36     FZ        3.733    MY        2.282
      37     FZ        3.733    MY        2.282
      38     FZ        3.733    MY        2.282
      39     FZ        1.867    MY        1.141
      40     FZ        1.867    MY        1.141
      41     FZ        1.867    MY        1.141
      42     FZ        3.733    MY        2.282
      43     FZ        2.800    MY        1.711
      45     FZ        1.867    MY        1.141
      46     FZ        1.867    MY        1.141
      80     FZ        1.867    MY        1.141
      81     FZ        2.800    MY        1.711
      82     FZ        1.867    MY        1.141
     STAAD SPACE                                              -- PAGE NO.    8
        
                 -----------        -----------
          TOTAL =     42.933             26.238 AT LEVEL     6.000 METE

      49     FZ        4.200    MY        2.717
      50     FZ        4.200    MY        2.717
      51     FZ        5.600    MY        3.622
      52     FZ        5.600    MY        3.622
      53     FZ        5.600    MY        3.622
      54     FZ        5.600    MY        3.622
      55     FZ        2.800    MY        1.811
      56     FZ        2.800    MY        1.811
      57     FZ        2.800    MY        1.811
      58     FZ        5.600    MY        3.622
      59     FZ        4.200    MY        2.717
      70     FZ        2.800    MY        1.811
      71     FZ        2.800    MY        1.811
      84     FZ        2.800    MY        1.811
      85     FZ        4.200    MY        2.717
      86     FZ        2.800    MY        1.811
                 -----------        -----------
          TOTAL =     64.400             41.654 AT LEVEL     9.000 METE







   ************ END OF DATA FROM INTERNAL STORAGE ************


    72. PRINT DIA CR
 DIA      CR                        

   ************************************************************

   CENTRE OF RIGIDITY     UNIT - METE
   ------------------     -----------

   DIAPHRAM      FL. LEVEL      X-COORDINATE      Z-COORDINATE


       1            3.000            2.394             3.903
       2            6.000            2.337             3.859
       3            9.000            2.301             3.832

   ************************************************************