Fisher, J. M., West, M.A., and Van De Pas, J. P., "Designing With Steel Joists, Joist Girders, Steel Deck", Nucor Corporation, 1991; pp 192-198.

Fortieth Edition Standard Specifications: Load Tables and Weight Tables for Steel Joists and Joist Girders, Steel Joist Institute, Myrtle Beach, S.C., 1994; p 92.