Table of Symbols
The following table summarizes the notation and symbols used within the RAM Foundation manual in reference to the BS8110 design code.
| Symbol | Description |
|---|---|
| As | Area of tensile reinforcement. |
| Av | Shear Reinforcing steel area. |
| Mn | Nominal moment capacity of concrete section |
| Mu | Factored ultimate moment on section |
| P | Total factored load on column for each load case. P includes column self weight. When checking acceptable soil stress capacity the concrete footing's self weight is also included. |
| Vu | Shear force on Footing (kN). |
| Vn | Nominal shear capacity (kN). |
| Vs | Shear reinforcement capacity (kN). |
| Vc | Concrete section shear capacity (kN). |
| b | Length of critical section |
| bo | Perimeter length of critical section |
| d | Distance from the top of compression surface to center of the flexure reinforcement perpendicular to that direction of the shear plane |
| db | Reinforcement bar diameter |
| fcu | Characteristic cube strength of concrete at 28 days (N/mm2 ). |
| fct | Average splitting tensile strength of lightweight aggregate concrete (psi units). |
| fy | Characteristic yield strength of steel |
| h | Total section thickness or depth |
| ld | Reinforcement development length (This is specified in the Code as l) |
| β | Reinforcement development length factor from BS8110: Part 1: 1997, Table 3.26 |
| qs | Calculated soil stress |
| s | Shear Reinforcement spacing |
| w1,w2 | Overhang distance to the bottom and top of the column when the footing major axis is parallel to the model x-axis |
| γm_s | Ultimate Limit Safety factor from Table 2.2 (1.25). |
| δc | Actual Concrete Density used in footing (kg/m3 ) |
| hagg | Aggregate maximum size - Fixed to 20mm |
| w | Supported column width in direction of continuous footing |