Untensioned reinforcement is modeled as a perfectly elastic/plastic material, as is shown in code figure 3.8. The elastic modulus is that specified by the user in the materials window.

For strength considerations, the program uses (ULS) γ _s ( γ _s = 1.15 for UK National Annex).

For other considerations (accidental LS or SLS), γ _s is used (γ _s = 1.0 for UK National Annex).