The K-factors for beams and braces are specified by the user using the Criteria - K-Factor command, or on a member-by-member basis using the Assign menu. The K-factors for columns can be either specified by the user or calculated by the program. For braced frames the calculated value is always 1.0. For unbraced frames the calculated value is based on the Nomograph found in the AISC Steel Specifications. The recommendations contained therein for determining G at column bases is followed. G is limited to 10.0 for columns when there are no beams framing in, or when only pinned end beams are framing in; this limits K to a value of 3.0, rather than the theoretical value of infinity. G is limited to 1.0 at the bottom of the column if it is fixed to the footing. Columns that are pinned top and bottom are given K-factors of 1.0. Knee brace columns are assigned a K factor of 1.0 in the direction of the knee brace.